What are varicose veins in the legs

Problems with the vascular leg system are found in more than half of the planet's population. The greatest discomfort gives patients with a phlebologist varicose veins standing. The pathology is characterized by a decrease in the tone of the walls of the blood vessels and the expansion of their lumen. As a result of the sagging veins of the foot, reverse blood flow in the human body is disturbed. Where complications are the varicose veins and how to combat it correctly, we understand below our material.

General characteristics and causes of varicose veins

The lids in the operation of the leg vascular system are initially formed against the bottom of the inadequate operation of the venous valves. Here it is worth knowing that, due to the strength of gravity, the heart of the heart flows freely to the lower limbs. In the opposite direction, the bloodstream moves under the influence of natural pressure, which creates the walls of healthy vessels. This wave is enough to overcome the power of earthly attraction.

If the tone of the blood vessels is disturbed, the body will make every possible effort to push the blood through the vessels. This is, for this, it independently increases blood pressure (blood pressure). From such "efforts, " the venous valves work worse without completely closing the wings with each blow of the human heart. In this case, the blood is actively inserted from deep veins in surfaces, which causes its additional re -plug.

The causes of varicose veins of the lower extremities are the following factors:

• Heredity (disease transmission through a male or female line).
• Hormonal talk against the antecedents of autoimmune processes, pregnancy, delivery or diseases of the reproductive system.
• A sedentary type of activity or vice versa, associated with a long time in the legs.
• A sedentary lifestyle.
• Overweight (obesity).
• Power Exercises with weight lifting from a session or squats.
• Smoking and drink alcohol.
• Long stay under the straight rays of the sun.

Symptoms and the first signs

The symptoms of varicose veins may vary to one degree or another of intensity, depending on the general condition of the patient and the stage of the disease course. In addition, the signs of pathology are not always obvious. The only common resource for varicose veins is a condition called the term "heavy legs". That is, in any of the stages of the pathology, the patient feels gravity in the legs at the end of the business day or even in the morning after sleep.

Varicose veins I and II: signs and symptoms

The initial stages of the vascular pathology of the legs are characterized by peculiar signs. Then, in the 1 stage, the following symptoms are observed:

• a vascular pattern in the form of stars or a flashing in the legs;
• Swelling of the legs after wearing shoes and even socks;
• Night cramps in the calf muscle;
• Fatigue and weight on the legs.

In 2 stages of pathology, the patient forms the following symptoms:

• swelling of the veins after a long walk in uncomfortable shoes or after a prolonged position;
• Visualization of increased vessels in the volume of vessels;
• we protruding and protruding in the veins of the legs;
• itching in inflamed vein sites;
• redness of the skin.

III and IV Varicose veins stage

Progressive varicose veins are already characterized by signs of complications. The image looks like this:

1. Stage 3. At the bottom of the symptoms above the patient, it follows the almost constant swelling of the legs. Sometimes it may fall in the morning.
2. Stage 4. The patient in redness of the skin begins with the beginning of ulcerative formations. The place of the future trophic ulcer is covered with whitish, as if with a lacado plate. During its injury, a trophic ulcer is opened, which exudes almost constantly. The situation is dangerous, as ulcers can be infected for the second time, this leads to suppression of inflammation sites.

When you see a doctor and what

In the first symptoms of the early stages of varicose veins, you should contact a phlebologist. This doctor is involved in blood vessels. If there is no such doctor at your clinic, you can get an appointment with an angiosurgeon or just a surgeon. It should be understood that in the early stages by interrupting the process of development of varicose veins with conservative methods is quite possible. Competent treatment tactics and compliance with all doctor's prescriptions will allow you to feel lightness in the legs again.

Diagnosis

For competent and effective treatment of the varicose veins in the legs, you initially need to make a precise diagnosis. That is, to identify the degree of vascular problem. For the diagnosis of vein pathology in the legs, the following methods are used:

1. Visual examination of the patient's legs with compulsory palpation of visible vessels.
2. Dopplerometry or ultrasonic fluometry, which allow the doctor to estimate the speed of blood in the vessels and the total occupation of the veins of the foot.
3. Digitization of leg vessels. It also allows you to evaluate the state of the valve system and the veins themselves.
4. Thermography. In this case, infrared radiation is used for diagnosis.
5. Ecosclerotherapy. The essence of the methodology is the introduction of a sclerosing substance in small doses and an additional examination of the vessels to inflamed places.
6. Flebogography is the computer. The technique has the standard magnetic resonance principle.
7. Flexcintigraphy. Here, experts use special radionuclides to study the lymphatic and venous systems of the legs.

Treatment methods of the lower ends

Drug therapy

You can treat varicose veins in the early stages with the help of medicines. And quite effective. The type and name of the drug are selected, depending on the severity of the patient's condition.

For external (local) use, a phlebologist can prescribe medications in the form of gels, creams or ointments.

In addition, for oral administration, anticoagulant preparations are prescribed, which decrease blood and prevent the formation of blood clots.

In the context of supported therapy, the patient is prescribed for the treatment of varicose veins that support the work of vascular and circulatory systems. So these medicines and additives are shown:

1. Vitamins. In particular, Vitamin C and Vitamins of Group V.
2. The ointments are anti -inflammatory non -esteroids. Remove the inflammatory process perfectly and reduce the redness of the skin.
3. AngioProtectors. Assign to improve the tone of the veins and reduce the permeability of the capillaries.

Surgical treatment of varicose veins with minimally invasive and complete operational methods

In 3-4 stages of varicose veins, surgery is indicated to remove patients with vessels that interfere with normal blood flow. Depending on the patient's initial state, one of the minimally invasive techniques or a complete surgical intervention can be used.

Sclerotherapy

This type of non -surgical procedure consists of the introduction of special sclerosanties (flexesclerosis substances) into the veins. Their base is alcohols. As a rule, all these drugs are strictly intended for intravenous administration by injection. Such substances cause the destruction of the overall vase and its additional narrowing (internal) endothelial layer (sclerosis). As a result, the vase lumen is significantly reduced or completely glued.

Most of the time, doctors use these medicines:

• Acid and salt soap. These are vaciticides, silcisol, sotradikol, trombavar or varicosenean.
• Cellular poisons. This is a quinin with Urettan, a solution of 1 to 5 %qualified, Vistail, etc.
• Hypertonic compounds dehydrating the intimacy of the veins. Sodium salicylate solution is 20 to 40 %, 30 %sodium bromide, 24 %sodium chloride.
• Organic cauterization solutions. Ethyl alcohol, glucose solution 66 %or dextrose.

Combined Flebectomy

This surgical intervention technique implies the use of various techniques at the same time. But first of all, the patient in an upright position marks the whereabouts of all inflamed veins to be removed. The marking is performed under the control of the ultrasound of the leg vessels.

With complex flexibility, the following stages of surgical intervention are used:

• CROSCECTOMY. Otherwise, the procedure is called a dressing and parallel intersection of the small and/or large subcutaneous vein. The dressing is performed in the zone of sauces with deep vessels of the legs. Cruzectomy is performed through cutting cut formed in the inguinal fold area. Its length is 3-5 cm. Then the surgeon observes a large subcutaneous vein until he fell into the femoral and pulls the pamy veins. The trunk of the BPV (large subcutaneous vein) intersects. Only your stump remains about 5 mm. Then, from this inguinal section, the surgeon conducts the following phase of the operation - removal.
• Removing. Or, otherwise, the removal of the trunks of a large or small subcutaneous vein. It is performed through two endoscopic cuts located on the two edges of the inflamed vein. In this case, an inguinal cut is already there. Through it, a special probe is introduced into the cavity of a painful vessel, which has a special thick olive with a cutting edge at the end. The probe moves to the end of the inflamed vessel area and is sewn there. Then the surgeon pulls the sick ship, as if spinning from the inside out. At the same time, the olive cut cuts the vein of surrounding tissues and capillaries. This method of removing the sick vein is the most reliable but at the same time very traumatic, as the surrounding vessel of the fabric suffers.
• Settlement (curative) of perforating veins. In this case, the surgeon simply connects the piercing veins through small cuts on the skin with a size of 1-2 cm.
• Miniflebectomy. The method of removing varicose veins (small areas) and we various through small endoscopic sections. It is performed if there is no need to remove large or small subcutaneous veins.

Conservative treatment

Diet in the treatment of varicose veins

To increase the tone of the walls of the blood vessels and significantly dilute the blood, you need to reconsider your diet. You must refuse these products:

• Alcohol in any way
• Fat and smoked dishes,
• Excess grenades,
• Fatty refined oils.

To improve the state of the veins in the legs, you can and should eat these products:

• The onions are connected
• honey,
• grape
• tomatoes,
• Fruits and berries for the season.

It is also shown an abundant consumer regime at the rate of 30 ml of water by 1 kg of weight of the patient.

Smoking refusal

It is important to understand that smoking contributes to the formation of blood clots and significantly violates blood clotting. At the same time, not only blood components, but also the walls of blood vessels suffer. Its elasticity is significantly reduced, which does not throw in the hands of a varicose vein patient. Therefore, not to aggravate the situation, it is necessary to abandon the pernicious habit as soon as possible.

Compression underwear (socks, golf, tight pants)

Compression meshes are one of the effective ways to prevent an additional progression of varicose veins. Such linen (golf, socks and socks) uniformly distribute the intensity of the blood flow towards the heart. As a result, the load on the vessel walls is significantly reduced and the lumen of vein patients is returned to a relatively normal state. It is very important to understand that the compression formula incorporated into mesh repeats exactly the load that the calf muscles can form during the intense movement of the leg. That is, blood in the veins of the lower extremities do not stagnate, even with a sedentary lifestyle. At the same time, all compression underwear in terms of compression intensity are classified into 4 types:

1. Preventive meshes. It has a compression level of 10 to 18 mm hg. Art. It is indicated to use people with a genetic predisposition in varicose veins.
2. The first class of knitwear. The degree of compression in this case is 18 to 22 mm hg. Art. It is used at the early stage of varicose veins and for the prevention of varicose veins with improvement with weight survey or excessive body weight.
3. The second class of knitwear. Compression Level - 23–32 mm Hg. This linen is suitable for thrombophlebitis or varicose veins, formed at the bottom of the surgery.
4. The third class of knitwear. Compression here is 33 to 46 mm Hg. Art. Shown by deep vein thrombosis or after operations.
5. Fourth grade. The elastic linen has a degree of compression of 49 mm hg. Art. Such meshes are used in severe forms of thrombosis or lympostase to improve lymphatic drainage.

Folklore methods of varicose veins

If varicose veins have not complicated and pathology treatment is performed only medications, it can be used as therapy and folkloric methods. In addition, you can use compresses and dyes for oral consumption. Below, consider the most popular variants of the folklore treatment of varicose veins.

Herbal rates and dyes

To use homeopathy, you can use these herbs and plants:

1. Brunette. The tincture is prepared from it. Pour 10 g. Crushed brown fruits 100 ml of vodka. Everyone is placed in glass containers and insisted for about 10 days in a dark place. The mixture is periodically shaken. After the deadline, the agent is joked and held 15 to 20 drops per day before meals (morning and evening).
2. Celandine. A bandage is wet in the plant juice and is applied in the form of a compress. The dressing is fixed for 4 hours and then washed with warm water. The therapy course is a week. After that, take a break for 10 days and repeat the treatment. The complex is three of these courses.
3. Samambaia. Here they drink sour milk (3 tablespoons of canteens) and dry grass (3 tablespoons of dining rooms). Everything is mixed and distributed according to the gauze. The dressing is applied to the painful leg and fixed with a dressing for three hours. This treatment technique is better used at night before bed.
4. Chamomile pharmacy. A decoction is made from the plant (2 tablespoons of grass are placed in a glass of boiling water). After that, the product is insisted for 30-40 minutes and pzhed. Finished infusion is used as a liquid to compress. The chamomile removes vascular stars and similar patterns.

Conclusion

Remember that varicose veins - the pathology is irreversible. Therefore, it is now advisable to think about the health of the legs and fundamentally change the lifestyle. Remember, the health of your legs depends only on you. Especially if there is a predisposition to the development of pathology.